| augustus | (n) Roman statesman who established the Roman Empire and became emperor in 27 BC; defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra in 31 BC at Actium (63 BC - AD 14), Syn. Octavian, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, Gaius Octavianus |
| caesar | (n) conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC), Syn. Julius Caesar, Gaius Julius Caesar |
| caligula | (n) Roman Emperor who succeeded Tiberius and whose uncontrolled passions resulted in manifest insanity; noted for his cruelty and tyranny; was assassinated (12-41), Syn. Gaius Caesar, Gaius |
| cassius | (n) prime mover in the conspiracy against Julius Caesar (died in 42 BC), Syn. Cassius Longinus, Gaius Cassius Longinus |
| catullus | (n) Roman lyric poet remembered for his love poems to an aristocratic Roman woman (84-54 BC), Syn. Gaius Valerius Catullus |
| diocletian | (n) Roman Emperor who when faced with military problems decided in 286 to divide the Roman Empire between himself in the east and Maximian in the west; he initiated the last persecution of the Christians in 303 (245-313), Syn. Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletian |
| flaminius | (n) Roman statesman and general who built the Flaminian Way; died when he was defeated by Hannibal (died 217 BC), Syn. Gaius Flaminius |
| petronius | (n) Roman satirist (died in 66), Syn. Petronius Arbiter, Gaius Petronius |
| pliny | (n) Roman writer and nephew of Pliny the Elder; author of books of letters that commented on affairs of the day (62-113), Syn. Pliny the Younger, Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus |
| pliny | (n) Roman author of an encyclopedic natural history; died while observing the eruption of Vesuvius (23-79), Syn. Pliny the Elder, Gaius Plinius Secundus |
| tacitus | (n) Roman historian who wrote major works on the history of the Roman Empire (56-120), Syn. Gaius Cornelius Tacitus, Publius Cornelius Tacitus |