| 夏 | [Xià, ㄒㄧㄚˋ, 夏] the Xia or Hsia dynasty c. 2000 BC; Xia of the Sixteen Kingdoms (407-432); surname Xia #2,580 [Add to Longdo] |
| 三国 | [Sān guó, ㄙㄢ ㄍㄨㄛˊ, 三 国 / 三 國] Three Kingdoms period following the break-up of the Han (220-280); several Three Kingdoms periods in Korean history, esp. from 1st century AD to unification under Silla 新羅|新罗 in 658 #2,792 [Add to Longdo] |
| 凉 | [liáng, ㄌㄧㄤˊ, 凉 / 涼] cool; cold; the five Liang of the Sixteen Kingdoms, namely Former Liang 前涼 (314-376), Later Liang 後涼 (386-403), Northern Liang 北涼 (398-439), Southern Liang 南涼 (397-414), Western Liang 西涼 (400-421) #3,664 [Add to Longdo] |
| 赵 | [Zhào, ㄓㄠˋ, 赵 / 趙] surname Zhao; the Former Zhao 前趙 (304-329) and Later Zhao 後趙 (319-350) of the Sixteen Kingdoms #4,148 [Add to Longdo] |
| 梁 | [Liáng, ㄌㄧㄤˊ, 梁] name of Kingdoms and Dynasties at different periods; surname Liang #4,179 [Add to Longdo] |
| 燕 | [Yān, ㄧㄢ, 燕] Yan, a vassal state of Zhou in modern Hebei and Liaoning; north Hebei; the four Yan kingdoms of the Sixteen Kingdoms, namely Former Yan 前燕 (337-370), Later Yan 後燕|后燕 (384-409), Southern Yan 南燕 (398-410), Northern Yan 北燕 (409-436); surname Yan #4,554 [Add to Longdo] |
| 魏 | [Wèi, ㄨㄟˋ, 魏] surname Wei; name of vassal state of Zhou dynasty from 661 BC in Shanxi, one of the Seven Hero Warring States; Wei state, founded by Cao Cao 曹操, one of the Three Kingdoms from the fall of the Han; the Wei dynasty 221-265; Wei prefecture and Wei county at #8,200 [Add to Longdo] |
| 曹操 | [Cáo Cāo, ㄘㄠˊ ㄘㄠ, 曹 操] Cao Cao (155-220), famous statesman and general at the end of Han, noted poet and calligrapher, later warlord, founder and first king of Cao Wei 曹魏, father of Emperor Cao Pi 曹丕; the main villain of novel the Romance of Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义 #8,281 [Add to Longdo] |
| 蜀 | [shǔ, ㄕㄨˇ, 蜀] abbr. for Sichuan 四川 province in southwest China; one of the Three Kingdoms after the fall of the Han dynasty #11,037 [Add to Longdo] |
| 吕布 | [Lǚ Bù, ㄌㄩˇ ㄅㄨˋ, 吕 布 / 呂 布] Lü Bu (161-198), champion fighter in the early part of Three Kingdoms #13,092 [Add to Longdo] |
| 诸葛亮 | [Zhū gě Liàng, ㄓㄨ ㄍㄜˇ ㄌㄧㄤˋ, 诸 葛 亮 / 諸 葛 亮] Zhuge Liang (181-234), military leader and Prime Minister of Shu Han 蜀漢|蜀汉 during the Three Kingdoms period; the main hero of the fictional Romance of Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义, where he is portrayed as a sage and military genius #13,603 [Add to Longdo] |
| 丞相 | [chéng xiàng, ㄔㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄤˋ, 丞 相] the most senior minister of many kingdoms or dynasties (with varying roles); prime minister #19,447 [Add to Longdo] |
| 周瑜 | [Zhōu Yú, ㄓㄡ ㄩˊ, 周 瑜] Zhou Yu or Chou Yü (175-210), famous general of the southern Wu kingdom and victor of the battle of Redwall; in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, absolutely no match for Zhuge Liang #19,755 [Add to Longdo] |
| 赵云 | [Zhào Yún, ㄓㄠˋ ㄩㄣˊ, 赵 云 / 趙 雲] Zhao Yun (-229), general of Shu in Romance of the Three Kingdoms #21,132 [Add to Longdo] |
| 三国演义 | [Sān guó yǎn yì, ㄙㄢ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄢˇ ㄧˋ, 三 国 演 义 / 三 國 演 義] Romance of the Three Kingdoms, one of the Four Classic Novels of Chinese literature; a fictional account of the Three Kingdoms at the break-up of the Han around 200 AD, consistently portraying Liu Bei's Shu Han 劉備, 蜀漢|刘备, 蜀汉 as virtuous heroes and Cao Cao #21,589 [Add to Longdo] |
| 关羽 | [Guān Yǔ, ㄍㄨㄢ ㄩˇ, 关 羽 / 關 羽] Guan Yu (-219), general of Shu and blood-brother of Liu Bei in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, fearsome fighter famous for virtue and loyalty; posthumously worshipped and identified with the guardian Bodhisattva Sangharama #21,913 [Add to Longdo] |
| 张飞 | [Zhāng Fēi, ㄓㄤ ㄈㄟ, 张 飞 / 張 飛] Zhang Fei (168-221), general of Shu and blood-brother of Liu Bei in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, famous as fearsome fighter and lover of wine #22,979 [Add to Longdo] |
| 孙权 | [Sūn Quán, ㄙㄨㄣ ㄑㄩㄢˊ, 孙 权 / 孫 權] Sun Quan (reigned 222-252), southern warlord and king of state of Wu 吳|吴 in the Three Kingdoms period #25,189 [Add to Longdo] |
| 东吴 | [Dōng Wú, ㄉㄨㄥ ㄨˊ, 东 吴 / 東 吳] Eastern Wu (222-280); the southern state of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, founded by Sun Quan 孫權|孙权 #25,550 [Add to Longdo] |
| 吴国 | [Wú guó, ㄨˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ, 吴 国 / 吳 國] Wu state (in south China, in different historical periods); Wu state 220-280, founded by Sun Quan 孫權|孙权 the southernmost of the three Kingdoms #28,941 [Add to Longdo] |
| 魏国 | [Wèi guó, ㄨㄟˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ, 魏 国 / 魏 國] Wei State (407-225 BC), one of the Seven Hero States of the Warring States 戰國七雄|战国七雄; Wei State or Cao Wei 曹魏 (220-265), the most powerful of the Three Kingdoms #30,852 [Add to Longdo] |
| 马超 | [Mǎ Chāo, ㄇㄚˇ ㄔㄠ, 马 超 / 馬 超] Ma Chao (176-222), general of Shu in Romance of the Three Kingdoms #31,938 [Add to Longdo] |
| 三国志 | [Sān guó zhì, ㄙㄢ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄓˋ, 三 国 志 / 三 國 志] History of the Three Kingdoms, fourth of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史, composed by Chen Shou 陳寿|陈寿 in 289 during Jin Dynasty 晋朝, 65 scrolls #35,216 [Add to Longdo] |
| 高句丽 | [Gāo jù lí, ㄍㄠ ㄐㄩˋ ㄌㄧˊ, 高 句 丽 / 高 句 麗] Koguryo, one of the Korean three kingdoms (57BC-668AD) #41,072 [Add to Longdo] |
| 孙坚 | [Sūn Jiān, ㄙㄨㄣ ㄐㄧㄢ, 孙 坚 / 孫 堅] Sun Jian (155-191), famous general at end of Han dynasty, forerunner of the southern kingdom of Wu of the Three Kingdoms #43,396 [Add to Longdo] |
| 庞德 | [Páng Dé, ㄆㄤˊ ㄉㄜˊ, 庞 德 / 龐 德] Pang De (-219), general of Cao Wei at the start of the Three Kingdoms period, victor over Guan Yu 關羽|关羽; Pound (name); Ezra Pound (1885-1972), American poet and translator #47,299 [Add to Longdo] |
| 黄忠 | [Huáng Zhōng, ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄓㄨㄥ, 黄 忠 / 黃 忠] Huang Zhong (-220), general of Shu in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, portrayed as an old fighter #48,663 [Add to Longdo] |
| 刘渊 | [Liú Yuān, ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄩㄢ, 刘 渊 / 劉 淵] Liu Yuan, warlord at the end of the Western Jin dynasty 西晋, founder of Cheng Han of the Sixteen Kingdoms 成漢|成汉 (304-347) #52,991 [Add to Longdo] |
| 曹魏 | [Cáo Wèi, ㄘㄠˊ ㄨㄟˋ, 曹 魏] Cao Wei, the most powerful of the Three Kingdoms, established as a dynasty in 220 by Cao Pi 曹丕, son of Cao Cao, replaced by Jin dynasty in 265 #54,667 [Add to Longdo] |
| 蜀汉 | [Shǔ Hàn, ㄕㄨˇ ㄏㄢˋ, 蜀 汉 / 蜀 漢] Shu Han (c. 200-263), Liu Bei's kingdom in Sichuan during the Three Kingdoms, claiming legitimacy as successor of Han #57,820 [Add to Longdo] |
| 后赵 | [Hòu Zhào, ㄏㄡˋ ㄓㄠˋ, 后 赵 / 後 趙] Later Zhao of the Sixteen Kingdoms (319-350) #57,963 [Add to Longdo] |
| 赤壁之战 | [Chì bì zhī zhàn, ㄔˋ ㄅㄧˋ ㄓ ㄓㄢˋ, 赤 壁 之 战 / 赤 壁 之 戰] Battle of Redwall of 208 at Chibi in Huangzhou district 黃州區|黄州区 of Huanggang city 黄冈, a decisive defeat of Cao Cao 曹操 at the hands of southern kingdom of Wu; famous episode in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义 #59,647 [Add to Longdo] |
| 前秦 | [Qián Qín, ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄑㄧㄣˊ, 前 秦] Former Qin of the Sixteen Kingdoms (351-395) #60,720 [Add to Longdo] |
| 后秦 | [Hòu Qín, ㄏㄡˋ ㄑㄧㄣˊ, 后 秦 / 後 秦] Later Qin of the Sixteen Kingdoms (384-417) #64,483 [Add to Longdo] |
| 石勒 | [Shí Lè, ㄕˊ ㄌㄜˋ, 石 勒] Shi Le, founder of Later Zhao of the Sixteen Kingdoms 後趙|后赵 (319-350) #64,551 [Add to Longdo] |
| 西秦 | [Xī Qín, ㄒㄧ ㄑㄧㄣˊ, 西 秦] Western Qin of the Sixteen Kingdoms (385-431) #68,242 [Add to Longdo] |
| 三顾茅庐 | [sān gù máo lú, ㄙㄢ ㄍㄨˋ ㄇㄠˊ ㄌㄨˊ, 三 顾 茅 庐 / 三 顧 茅 廬] lit. three humble visits to a thatched cottage; cf famous episode in the fictional Romance of Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义 in which Liu Bei 劉備|刘备 recruits Zhuge Liang 諸葛亮|诸葛亮 (the Hidden Dragon 臥龍|卧龙) to his cause by visiting him three times #73,190 [Add to Longdo] |
| 马良 | [Mǎ Liáng, ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ, 马 良 / 馬 良] Ma Liang (Three Kingdoms) #78,331 [Add to Longdo] |
| 罗贯中 | [Luó Guàn zhōng, ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄓㄨㄥ, 罗 贯 中 / 羅 貫 中] Luo Guanzhong (c. 1330-c. 1400), author of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and other works #81,280 [Add to Longdo] |
| 后燕 | [Hòu Yàn, ㄏㄡˋ ㄧㄢˋ, 后 燕 / 後 燕] Later Yan of the Sixteen Kingdoms (384-409) #83,071 [Add to Longdo] |
| 五代十国 | [wǔ dài shí guó, ㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ ㄕˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ, 五 代 十 国 / 五 代 十 國] Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period between Tang and Song (907-960) #85,118 [Add to Longdo] |
| 前赵 | [Qián Zhào, ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄓㄠˋ, 前 赵 / 前 趙] Former Zhao of the Sixteen Kingdoms (304-329) #88,658 [Add to Longdo] |
| 南燕 | [nán yān, ㄋㄢˊ ㄧㄢ, 南 燕] Southern Yan of the Sixteen Kingdoms (398-410) #92,814 [Add to Longdo] |
| 司马炎 | [Sī mǎ Yán, ㄙ ㄇㄚˇ ㄧㄢˊ, 司 马 炎 / 司 馬 炎] Sima Yan (236-290), founding emperor of Jin dynasty 晋 after the Three Kingdoms period, reigned 265-290 as Emperor Wu of Jin 晉武帝 #97,491 [Add to Longdo] |
| 陈寿 | [Chén Shòu, ㄔㄣˊ ㄕㄡˋ, 陈 寿 / 陳 壽] Western Jin dynasty 西晋 historian, author of History of the Three Kingdoms 三國志|三国志 #135,239 [Add to Longdo] |
| 新罗 | [Xīn luó, ㄒㄧㄣ ㄌㄨㄛˊ, 新 罗 / 新 羅] Silla, one of three Korean kingdoms from 1st century, defeated its rivals Paikche and Koryo by collaborating with Tang around 645, ruled unified Korea 658-935 #136,978 [Add to Longdo] |
| 华容道 | [Huá róng dào, ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄉㄠˋ, 华 容 道 / 華 容 道] Huarong Road (traditional puzzle involving sliding wooden blocks, loosely based on episode in Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义) #166,379 [Add to Longdo] |
| 三国时代 | [sān guó shí dài, ㄙㄢ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄕˊ ㄉㄞˋ, 三 国 时 代 / 三 國 時 代] the Three Kingdoms period after the break-up of the Han (220-280) #379,933 [Add to Longdo] |
| 五凉 | [Wǔ Liáng, ㄨˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ, 五 凉] the five Liang of the Sixteen Kingdoms, namely Former Liang 前涼 (314-376), Later Liang 後涼 (386-403), Northern Liang 北涼 (398-439), Southern Liang 南涼 (397-414), Western Liang 西涼 (400-421) [Add to Longdo] |
| 五胡 | [Wǔ Hú, ㄨˇ ㄏㄨˊ, 五 胡] five non-Han people, namely Huns or Xiongnu 匈奴, Xianbei 鮮卑|鲜卑, Jie2 羯, Di1 氐, Qiang1 羌, esp. in connection with the Sixteen Kingdoms 304-439 五胡十六國|五胡十六国 [Add to Longdo] |
